File Handling in Java

                File Handling in Java

All classes required for Java I/O (Input/Ouput) will resides in java.io package .

• Byte Streams : It handles I/O of raw binary data.
• Character Streams : It handle I/O of character data, automatically handling translation to and from the local character set.
• Buffered Streams : It optimize input and output by reducing the number of calls to the native API.
• Scanning and Formatting : It allows a program to read and write formatted text.
• I/O from the Command Line : It describes the Standard Streams and the Console object.
• Data Streams : It handle binary I/O of primitive data type and String values.
• Object Streams :  It handle binary I/O of objects.

A stream is considered to be a sequence of data and it is composed of bytes and there are two kinds of streams

InputStream : The input stream is used to read the data from a source.

OutpurSteam : This is used to write the data to a destination.

InputStream class :

This is a super class of all the classes which implements input stream of bytes. It is an abstract class

Commonly used methods:

1) public abstract int read()throws IOException : It reads the next byte of data from the input stream.It returns -1 at the end of file.

2) public int available()throws IOException: It returns an estimate of the number of bytes that can be read from the current input stream.

3) public void close()throws IOException:It is used to close the current input stream.

OutputStream class :

 This is a super class of all the classes which implements ouput stream of bytes. It is an abstract class.

Commonly used methods:

1) public void write(int)throws IOException: It is used to write a byte to the current output stream.

2) public void write(byte[])throws IOException:It is used to write an array of byte to the current output stream.

3) public void flush()throws IOException:It flushes the current output stream.

4) public void close()throws IOException:It is used to close the current output stream.